What is an eating disorder?
Eating disorders encompass a range of psychological conditions characterized by disruptive eating patterns and behaviors aimed at controlling weight or body shape through food. Commonly affecting young adults and adolescents, these disorders, such as anorexia, bulimia, and neurotic bulimia, can manifest at any age. Anorexia involves severe food restriction driven by a fear of weight gain, while bulimia manifests as episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors. Neurotic bulimia arises from attempts to compensate for overeating through unhealthy means, often triggered by feelings of guilt. These disordered eating behaviors can lead to malnutrition and have detrimental effects on various bodily systems, including teeth, the cardiovascular system, metabolism, and bone health.
Furthermore, excessive weight-loss practices, such as excessive exercise, frequent vomiting, or the misuse of laxatives, can exacerbate health complications and perpetuate a harmful cycle. Despite initial weight loss, the repetitive nature of these behaviors often leads to weight regain, perpetuating the cycle of disordered eating. It’s imperative to recognize the complex interplay of psychological and physiological factors underlying eating disorders and to seek timely intervention and support to mitigate their detrimental effects on both physical and mental well-being (Dutta, 2022b).
Eating disorders in teens
Eating disorders are particularly prevalent among teenagers, constituting a significant portion of diagnosed psychological conditions in this demographic. According to research conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health, approximately 2.7% of teenagers experience debilitating eating disorders. However, this statistic likely underestimates the true prevalence, as it represents only those who have been formally diagnosed. Many individuals, particularly young women, may exhibit disordered eating behaviors that do not meet the diagnostic criteria. These behaviors often emerge during adolescence, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention. Recognizing the symptoms and risks associated with eating disorders is crucial for facilitating prompt treatment and increasing the likelihood of successful recovery for those affected by these disorders (Rittenhouse, 2021).
The risk factors for eating disorders
Many young people develop unhealthy eating habits and a fear of gaining weight due to a combination of psychological, social, and environmental factors. Psychologically, individuals who are dissatisfied with their bodies, struggle with low self-esteem, or are highly sensitive to societal judgment may be predisposed to eating disorders. The emotional upheaval characteristic of adolescence can further exacerbate these tendencies. Socially and environmentally, exposure to media messages promoting an idealized body image, as well as societal norms that prioritize appearance, can contribute to the development of eating disorders.
Moreover, biological factors play a significant role, especially during adolescence, when significant physical and hormonal changes occur. The onset of puberty can trigger fluctuations in mood and body image perception, making adolescents more susceptible to disordered eating patterns. Additionally, individuals with underlying mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression, may be particularly vulnerable to developing eating disorders. These multifaceted influences underscore the complexity of eating disorders and the importance of addressing psychological, social, and biological factors in treatment and prevention efforts. By recognizing and addressing these underlying factors, we can better support young people in developing healthy relationships with food and body image, promoting overall well-being and resilience (Services, 2023b).
The relationship between eating disorders and social media.
Dissatisfaction with body shape and weight often leads to changes in eating habits among adolescents and young adults, particularly among young women. A study aimed at understanding the prevalence of eating disorders in young women identified a significant correlation with the amount of time spent on social media platforms. In our modern society, where social media holds considerable influence, this research examined the relationship between eating disorders and social networking sites (SNS). Adolescents, in particular, exhibit a strong inclination towards SNS platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat, favoring communication through visual media such as pictures and videos. This emphasis on online appearance and validation may contribute to the development of compulsive behaviors related to physical appearance and eating disorders.
Indeed, the study revealed that approximately 52% of female adolescents and 45% of male adolescents engage in disordered eating behaviors, such as excessive exercise or meal skipping, attributed to their interactions on SNS. Notably, the overwhelming majority of participants, comprising 75% of female adolescents and 70% of male adolescents, reported using at least one social media platform. These findings underscore the correlation between SNS usage and eating disorders. Consequently, an excessive preoccupation with self-image on social media or seeking validation from others may elevate the risk of developing eating disorders.
In the past two years, there has been a significant increase in the number of adolescents hospitalized for eating disorders, which healthcare experts attribute to the heightened use of social media during the COVID pandemic. An internal study, disclosed by Meta whistleblower Francis Haugen, suggests that the pressure to portray a perfect image and highlight one’s uniqueness on social media platforms contributes to the rise in teenage disorders. With social media accessible around the clock, users are constantly exposed to content promoting dieting and the pursuit of an ideal body, intensifying feelings of anxiety and potentially leading to harmful behaviors. Therefore, it is advisable to approach social media usage cautiously, prioritizing personal well-being over external validation, as excessive engagement with social media platforms can have detrimental effects on mental health (Lai, 2022).
How could social media influence dietary decisions positively?
- It can be a source of inspiration and encouragement. It’s essential to subscribe to and follow channels that promote healthy lifestyles and positive body image. Instead of focusing on content that advocates extreme weight loss or unhealthy eating habits, prioritize channels that offer practical tips for achieving a balanced diet and fitness level that align with your personal goals and values. By incorporating these healthier habits into your daily routine, you’ll gradually experience positive changes in both your physical and mental well-being. Embracing positivity and prioritizing self-care can lead to a more fulfilling and rewarding life journey.
2. It helps to build a healthy community. Social media platforms provide a convenient avenue for individuals with similar interests or shared goals to connect and form communities. In times of loneliness or when motivation wanes, leveraging social media allows individuals to seek support and camaraderie from like-minded peers. Whether it’s pursuing fitness goals, adopting healthier eating habits, or engaging in creative endeavors, the ability to rally support and encouragement from others on social media can be invaluable. By fostering a sense of belonging and solidarity, social media facilitates the formation of healthy communities where individuals can motivate and uplift each other towards common objectives.
How could social media influence dietary decisions negatively?
Social media can negatively influence dietary decisions through various means. The pervasive nature of social media exposes users to a constant stream of curated content, including unrealistic body standards, fad diets, and unhealthy eating habits. Peer pressure and the desire for validation may lead individuals to emulate these trends, regardless of their nutritional value or impact on health. Moreover, the abundance of misinformation and unqualified advice on social media platforms can further confuse users and promote unhealthy dietary practices. Consequently, individuals may be inclined to make poor dietary choices based on inaccurate or misleading information encountered on social media.
Distracting eating habits
Engaging with social media, tablet computers, or television while eating can disrupt our eating habits, potentially leading to overeating or undereating. The distraction of screens may cause individuals to lose track of portion sizes or eat mindlessly, increasing the risk of consuming excessive calories or insufficient nutrients. To promote healthier eating habits, it is advisable to prioritize mindfulness during meals and focus solely on eating without distractions. By tuning into hunger cues and savoring the flavors of food, individuals can cultivate a more balanced and mindful approach to eating, leading to improved overall health and well-being.
Influencing people’s minds through advertising
In today’s advertising landscape, there is a growing emphasis on analyzing individual interests and delivering tailored content. Consequently, even products that may be unhealthy are often promoted in a way that appeals to consumers’ specific preferences. This persistent visibility of such items, regardless of their usual interests, can influence individuals to develop an interest in products that may not align with their usual consumption patterns. This not only impacts purchasing behaviors but also influences self-awareness and behavior, as individuals may be swayed by targeted advertising to consume products that they may not have otherwise considered (S, 2022).
The reason why we need to have a healthy diet
What are the benefits of a balanced diet?
A healthy diet begins with a balanced diet. How do a healthy diet and a balanced diet affect us positively? First, a balanced diet can prevent infections and diseases. Also, eating enough other nutrients, including minerals and vitamins, can further improve your immune system or help prevent diseases such as diabetes, stroke, heart disease, and cancer.
Second, a balanced diet helps you control your weight. Many people want to lose weight in a short period of time. However, if you lose a lot of weight in a short period of time, you are more likely to get back on it than before. However, if you have a balanced diet and aim to lose weight in the long run, you will not only be able to control your weight but also keep it more comfortable than if you lost it in a short period of time. That is why a balanced diet is the only way to keep your weight healthy in the long run.
Lastly, a healthy diet with a balanced diet can improve our mental health. The right mix of nutrients can help alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety. If you have to try to achieve healthy mental health, eating foods that contain healthy nutrients can help you effectively. Taking care of ourselves because of this healthy lifestyle is a very important and essential part of life. (Innovative health and wellness, 2018)
Conclusion
People of all gender identities can experience eating disorders. However, this is more likely to affect women than men. Many people may experience a lot of social pressure about how they should look to others or to society. That’s why we should all know that it’s most important to love who we are and take care of ourselves, not to care too much about other people’s or society’s evaluations (Services, 2023).
Reference
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Dutta, S. (2022b). Eating Disorders and Social Media. [online] News Medical Life Sciences. Available at: https://www.news-medical.net/health/Eating-Disorders-and-Social-Media.aspx [Accessed 2 March 2024].
Innovative health and wellness (2018). 5 Reasons Why It Is Important to Have a Balanced Diet – Innovative Health & Wellness. [online] Innovative Health & Wellness. Available at: https://innovativehealthandwellness.net/5-reasons-why-it-is-important-to-have-a-balanced-diet/ [Accessed 2 March 2024].
Lai, S. (2022). How do we solve social media’s eating disorder problem? [online] Brookings. Available at: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-do-we-solve-social-medias-eating-disorder-problem/ [Accessed 2 March 2024].
Rittenhouse, M. (2021). Eating Disorders in Teens. [online] Eating Disorder Hope. Available at: https://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/risk-groups/eating-disorders-teens [Accessed 2 March. 2024].
S, D.S. (2022). How Has Social Media Impacted the Dietary Choices of Students? [online] wellness.icliniq.com. Available at: https://wellness.icliniq.com/articles/diet-and-nutrition/impact-of-social-media-on-dietary-choices#how-could-social-media-influence-dietary-decisions-positively [Accessed 2 March 2024].
Services, D. of H. & H. (2023a). Eating disorders and adolescents. [online] www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au. Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/eating-disorders-children-and-young-people#encourage-young-people-to-feel-good-about-their-bodies [Accessed 2 March 2024].
Services, D. of H. & H. (2023b). Eating disorders and adolescents. [online] www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au. Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/eating-disorders-children-and-young-people [Accessed 2 March 2024].
