Introduction
Interpreters are frequently seen in sports broadcasts and interviews with foreigners. Their presence enables us to comprehend what is said in another language or other languages. However, accurate delivery of those contents requires a wide range of skills and qualifications. What jobs do they do, and what skills do they have?
Differences between an interpreter and a translator
Both interpreters and translators, according to Postan (2020), convert the original language into another language and convey it to the recipient. These two occupations are only used to translate other languages into their native tongue. Although both are linguists and require the same qualifications, interpreters and translators have significant differences.
Interpreters
- They use spoken language.
- They are paid by the hour or by the day.
- They interpret and translate their native language into a foreign language and vice versa.
- They interpret as soon as or immediately after the language is spoken.
- They use the minimum necessary items, such as a microphone, paper, and a pen.
Translators
- They use written language.
- They earn money per word, hour, and page.
- All translators use their native language.
- They do not have to translate on the spot, so they have time.
- They use CAT tools, dictionaries, and translators.
Skills and qualifications required for a language interpreter
Here are the skills and qualifications required for one to be a language interpreter, according to the United Language Group (2023):
- Good language skills
Interpreters cannot use dictionaries when they are on site. Therefore, a good vocabulary and good communication skills are absolutely necessary. They must have good grammatical knowledge, the ability to interpret conversational idioms, nuances, and metaphors and be able to speak at or above native speakers.
- Expertise
Most interpreters work in a specific industry, such as medicine, law, or finance, so they need specialized knowledge.
- Certifications
Accreditation from a reputable interpreting agency is proof of our qualifications as interpreters. Having a certification reduces the risk of making mistakes on the job. Conversely, mistakes can have serious consequences for the interpreter and the agency she works for.
- Soft skills
Interpreters are excellent listeners. They must ensure that what they translate does not make the other person feel uneasy. The ability to interact with a large number of people is the second most important thing for an interpreter after language skills, and these connections are the skills required to succeed as an interpreter.
- Cultural competence
An interpreter needs to understand not only the language but also the culture of the country. By understanding these, we can become aware of certain non-verbal cues and habits, and be better able to convey what we say to others.
Types of language interpreters
There are several types of language interpreters, as stated by Afzal (2017):
- Simultaneous interpreter
This is common with live news, where they translate at the same time as what they are saying.
- Consecutive interpreter
They translate when speech is temporarily suspended. This method is used for conferences, trials, interviews, and the like. They interpret all at once, such as during the breaks between conversations, so I have to remember what I said. Consecutive interpreting is often used when there are few people.
- Whisper interpreter
This is somewhere between consecutive interpreting and simultaneous interpreting. Interpret on the spot, but sit near the person who needs interpretation and whisper what is being said. Do not use devices such as microphones.
- Telephone interpreter
Telephone interpreting uses the telephone to interpret between parties. They basically work remotely. This method is used in public services, hospitals, the police, and other places where physical interpretation is not possible.
Characteristics of a good interpreter
An interpreter needs many skills, but who is a good interpreter in general? Admin (2017) said that the following are the characteristics of a good interpreter:
- proficient knowledge of language
- good concentration and memory
- honesty
- correct practice
- efficient intuition
- empathetic listener
A person who has these skills can be said to be an excellent interpreter. In particular, being an empathetic listener is very important. Interpreters have extensive linguistic and interpersonal skills, but being an empathetic listener helps them understand us better and builds trust. A good interpreter is someone who not only interprets but also listens well (United Language Group, 2023).
Conclusion
It is extremely difficult to become an interpreter because it requires a great deal of knowledge and skills. There are many skills that must be acquired in order to become good interpreters, so they must continue to work hard while working. They should be able to become a better interpreter if they always empathize with the other person, understand what they are saying, and try to be polite interpreters.
References
Postan, L. (2020). Interpreter Vs Translator – What Are Core Differences? | BLEND. [online] Localization Services by BLEND. Available at: <https://www.getblend.com/blog/interpreters-vs-translators/#:~:text=An%20interpreter%20works%20with%20the> [Accessed 19 January 2023].
United Language Group (2023). 5 Qualities Every Interpreter Should Have. [online] www.unitedlanguagegroup.com. Available at: <https://www.unitedlanguagegroup.com/blog/5-qualities-every-interpreter-should-have> [Accessed 20 January 2023].
Afzal, A. (2017). The Four Different Types of Language Interpreters. [online] Creative Word. Available at: <https://creativeword.uk.com/blog/interpreting/four-different-types-language-interpreters/> [Accessed 20 January 2023].
